(p. 159) upakāra a good turn, benefaction; benevolence; good service; help; favour. উপকার করা v. to do good (to), to do a good turn (to); to benefit; to help. ̃ক, উপকারী a. doing good (to), benignant; beneficent; (not used of persons) efficacious; benevolent; helpful; useful. fem. উপকারিকা, উপকারিণী । উপকারিতা n. active goodness; good; use; helpfulness; usefulness; benefit; beneficence. উপকারে আসা to come of use, to be useful some time or other, to come in handy. উপকার্য a. deserving help or favour. 44)

(p. 165) upayōga good, benefit; necessity; service; use, usefulness, utility; assistance, support; eating, enjoyment; application; suitableness. ̃বাদ n. utilitarianism. ̃বাদী a. utilitarian. n. a utilitarian. 18)

(p. 165) upayōgī suitable, fitting; fit, competent; deserving, worthy; becoming; serviceable, useful; proper; adequate, sufficient; expedient, applicable; favourable, helpful. উপযোগিতা n. suitableness, suitability; fitness, competency, competence; deservingness; becomingness; serviceability; usefulness; propriety; adequacy; sufficiency; expedience, applicability; use; favourableness, helpfulness. 19)

(p. 687) praẏōjana necessity, need; purpose, object, end; motive; cause, occasion; use. প্রয়োজনাতিরিক্ত, প্রয়োজনাতীত a. more than what is necessary; more than enough; superfluous; unnecessary, redundant. প্রয়োজনানুরূপ a. satisfying needs, just enough to meet (one's) requirement, adequate, sufficient. প্রয়োজনীয় a. necessary, needful; serviceable, useful. প্রয়োজনীয়তা n. necessity, need; serviceability, usefulness. 20)