(p. 678) pratispardhā audacity, arrogance; defiance; challenge; spirit of challenge. প্রতিস্পর্ধী a. arrogant, audacious; challenging; emulative. 41)

(p. 1032) spardhā courage or audacity to emulate or defy; emulation; daring to undertake a difficult task; daring; audacity; vaunting arrogance; rant and bluster. স্পর্ধা করা v. to emulate; to defy; to dare to undertake; to rant and bluster; to vaunt; to dare; to challenge. স্পর্ধিত, স্পর্ধী a. courageously or audaciously emulative or defiant; daring; ranting and blustering; arrogant; audacious. 25)