(p. 30) anugraha grace or favour; help; propitiousness; kindness, mercy; preferential treatment, partiality. অনুগ্রহ করা v. to favour; to help; to treat gracefully or propitiously; to treat with kindness or mercy; to accord preferential treatment to. ̃পাত্র n. a favourite, a minion. ̃ভাজন a. enjoying favour (of), favoured. ̃পূর্বক adv. graciously, kindly, benignantly. ̃প্রার্থী a. & n. one who curries favour, one who solicits favour. 29)

(p. 352) cāōẏā2 to look at; to open (চোখ চাওয়া); to cast an evil eye (on or at). চাওয়াচাওয়ি n. act of looking at one another; act of coming to an agreement by favouring one another. ̃নো v. to cause to look at; to cause to open. মুখ তুলে চাওয়া v. to look favourably on; to be favourably inclined towards. 15)

(p. 601) pakṣa a lunar fortnight (কৃষ্ণপক্ষ, শুক্লপক্ষ); a period of fifteen days, a fortnight (দুই পক্ষকাল); (of birds) a wing, a feather; (of fish) a fin; (of an arrow) a feather; a team, a party, a side (পক্ষভুক্ত); a direction or side or hand (পক্ষান্তরে); a flank, a side (পক্ষাঘাত); question or answer in a debate, support or opposition, a thesis or an antithesis (পূর্বপক্ষ, উত্তরপক্ষ); behalf (তার পক্ষে উকিল দাঁড়ায়নি); state or condition (পারতপক্ষে); (of a person married, more than once) marriage (দ্বিতীয় পক্ষের স্ত্রী); a husband or wife, spouse (এটি তার তৃতীয়পক্ষ). ̃ক n. (bot.) a. a pinule. ̃গ্রহণ same as পক্ষাবলম্বন । ̃চ্ছেদ, ̃চ্ছেদন n. act of cutting off or clipping one's wings; (fig.) act of making powerless; refutation of one's argument. পক্ষচ্ছেদ করা, পক্ষচ্ছেদন করা v. to cut off or clip one's wings; (fig.) to render powerless. ̃ধর a. winged. n. a bird; the moon. ̃পাত, ̃পাতিতা, ̃পাতিত্ব n. partiality; unreasonable love or fondness (for), favouritism, bias, preference (ছেলের প্রতি মায়ের পক্ষপাত). ̃পাতদুষ্ট a. biased, partial; corrupted with partiality or favouritism. পাতশূন্য a. impartial, unbiased. পক্ষপাতী a. partial, prejudicial; biased, prejudiced; inclined to favouring, prone or leaning to. fem. ̃পাতিনী । ̃পুট n. the inner part or inside of a wing. ̃পুটে adv. under cover of wings, within the wings; (fig.) under one's protection. ̃ভুক্ত a. included in a side or team. ̃ভেদ n. act of distinguishing one side from another; (chiefly pol.) disintegration of a party; differentiation of the two opposing sides of an argument. ̃ল a. winged; having a fin or fins; (bot.) pinnate. ̃শিরাবিন্যাস n. (bot.) pinnate venation. ̃শিরিত a. (bot.) pinnately veined. ̃সঞ্চালন n. act of flapping or moving one's wings (as by a bird). ̃সঞ্চালন করা v. to flap or move one's wings. ̃সমর্থক same as পক্ষাবলম্বী । ̃সমর্থন same as পক্ষাবলম্বন । ̃সমর্থনকারী same as পক্ষাবলম্বী । fem. ̃সমর্থনকারীণী । 16)

(p. 654) putali a puppet, a doll, a marionette; a favourite or pet (স্নেহের পুতলি); the pupil of the eye, the apple of the eye (নয়নপুতলি). 15)

(p. 665) pēṭōẏā obedient, faithfully following; cringing; patronized; favourite; dependent. 4)

(p. 665) pēẏāri a favourite; a lover, a sweetheart; Radha (রাধা) the sweetheart of Krishna (কৃষ্ণ). 20)

(p. 692) prāṇa life; the first of the five vital airs (namely, প্রাণ অপান সমান উদান and ব্যান) or these five airs collectively; lifebreath; breath; heart, earnest desire ('প্রাণ চায় চক্ষু না চায়'); vitality, vigour, vivacity (কাজে প্রাণ নেই); (in endearment) an extremely beloved person. প্রাণ ওষ্ঠাগত হওয়া v. (rare) to feel like dying; (fig. & pop.) to be extremely harassed or troubled or irritated. প্রাণ খোলা v. to open one's heart, to speak out one's heart. প্রাণ থাকা v. to remain alive. প্রাণ দেওয়া same as প্রাণদান করা । প্রাণ নেওয়া v. to kill; to torture almost to the point of killing. প্রাণ পাওয়া same as প্রাণলাভ হওয়া । প্রাণ বাঁচা same as প্রাণরক্ষা হওয়া । প্রাণ বাঁচানো same as প্রাণরক্ষা করা । প্রাণ বার করা v. to make one out of breath, to exasperate beyond endurance. প্রাণ বার হওয়া, প্রাণ যাওয়া v. to breathe one's last; to become out of breath; to be exasperated. প্রাণ নেওয়া v. to take one's life; to kill. প্রাণ হারানো v. to lose one's life, to die; to be killed. ̃কৃষ্ণ n. Krishna (কৃষ্ণ) who is regarded by a devotee or a lover as dear as life; (fig.) a favourite or lover as dear as one's life. ̃খোলা a. open-hearted, frank, candid, hearty. ̃গত a. lying in one's heart of hearts; inmost; sincere. ̃গতিক a. concerning one's life or living; bodily, physical. ̃ঘাতী a. life-killing; murderous; deadly, fatal. ̃চঞ্চল a. lively, sprightly, vivacious. ̃চাঞ্চল্য n. liveliness, vivaciousness, sprightliness. ̃ত্যাগ n. death. প্রাণত্যাগ করা v. to die. ̃দ a. life-giving; animating, invigorating; resuscitant; life-saving. ̃দন্ড n. death sentence, a lifer, capital punishment. প্রাণদন্ড দেওয়া v. to sentence (one) to death, to award capital punishment. প্রাণদা fem. of ̃দ । ̃দাতা n. a giver of life; an animator, an invigorator; a resuscitant, a resuscitator. fem. প্রাণদাত্রী । ̃দান n. infusion of life (into); animation; invigoration; resuscitation; saving of life. ̃দান করা v. to infuse life (into); to give life (to); to animate, to invigorate; to give back one's life, to resuscitate; to save one's life; to sacrifice one's life, to give up one's life. ̃দায়ক same as প্রাণদ । fem. প্রাণদায়িকা । ̃ধারণ n. act of living; sustenance of oneself. প্রাণধারণ করা v. to live; to sustain oneself. ̃নাথ same as প্রাণেশ্বর । ̃নাশ same as প্রাণবধ । ̃নাশক same as প্রাণঘাতী । ̃পণ n. resolve of doing something even at the cost of one's life. ̃পণে adv. staking one's life, even at the cost of one's life. ̃পতি same as প্রাণেশ্বর । ̃পাখি n. the bird of life imprisoned in the cage of the body; life; life-breath. প্রণপাত করা v. to wreck or lay down or sacrifice one's life; to strain all one's energies. ̃পূর্ণ same as প্রাণবন্ত । ̃প্রতিম a. resembling life; as dear as life. ̃প্রতিমা n. the idol of one's life; a woman or girl as dear as one's life. ̃প্রতিষ্ঠা n. the rite of investing an idol with life, (cp.) consecration; infusion of life (into), activization (as of an organization). প্রাণ প্রতিষ্ঠা করা v. (eccl.) to invest (an idol) with life, to consecrate; to infuse life into (an organization); to activize. ̃প্রদ same as প্রাণদ । ̃প্রিয় a. as dear as life; an object of deep affection; dearer than life. ̃বঁধু n. a lover as dear as one's life, a sweetheart. ̃বধ n. killing or slaying, manslaughter. প্রাণবধ করা v. to kill, to slay, to take a life. ̃বন্ত a. living, alive; animate; lively; vivacious. sprightly; cordial, genial; volatile, active. ̃বন্ততা n. the state of being alive or living; animation; liveliness, vivacity, sprightliness; cordiality, geniality, volatility, fullness of activity. ̃বল্লভ same as প্রাণেশ্বর । ̃বান same as প্রাণচঞ্চল । ̃বায়ু n. life-breath; the first of the five vital airs (namely প্রাণ অপান, সমান, উদান and ব্যান) or all these airs collectively. প্রাণবায়ু বার হওয়া v. to breathe one's last, to die. ̃বিয়োগ n. death. প্রাণবিয়োগ হওয়া v. to die. ̃বিসর্জন n. sacrifice of one's life. প্রাণবিসর্জন দেওয়া v. to sacrifice one's life. ̃ভয় n. fear of losing one's life, fear of life. ̃ভয়ে adv. for fear of life. ̃ময় a. same as প্রাণবন্ত, and also—the sole object of one's life. fem. প্রাণময়ী । প্রাণময় কোষ (Hindu phil.) the life-cell of the body. প্রাণরক্ষা করা v. to save one's life; to sustain. প্রাণরক্ষা হওয়া v. to be saved from death; to be saved; to sustain oneself. ̃লাভ n. act of coming or coming back to life. প্রাণলাভ করা v. to come or come back to life. ̃শূন্য a. lifeless; inanimate; lacking in liveliness or vivacity or sprightliness, dull, lacking in cordiality or geniality, cold, inactive, lethargic; callous. ̃সংকট same as প্রাণসংশয় । ̃সংশয় n. possibility of losing one's life, risk or hazard or peril of one's life. ̃সংহার same as প্রাণবধ । ̃সখা n. a bosom friend. ̃সঞ্চার same as প্রাণদান । ̃সম a. equal to life. ̃হন্তা n. a slayer, a killer; a murderer (fem. a murderess). fem. ̃হন্ত্রী । ̃হর, ̃হারক, ̃হারী same as প্রাণঘাতী । fem. ̃হরা, ̃হারিকা, ̃হারিণী । ̃হীন same as প্রাণশূন্য । প্রাণাত্যয় n. destruction or loss of life, death; time of death or of loss of life. প্রাণাধিক a. dearer than one's life. fem. প্রাণাধিকা । প্রাণান্ত n. termination of life, death. প্রাণান্তকর a. causing death or termination of life; (fig.) extremely toilsome or causing extreme suffering. প্রাণান্ত পরিচ্ছেদ n. that which ends in or extends up to death; (fig.) extreme toil or suffering. প্রাণান্ত-পরিশ্রম n. extremely toilsome work, hard toil (likely to cost a person his life.) প্রাণেশ, প্রাণেশ্বর n. the lord of one's life; a husband; a lover. প্রাণেশ্বরী n. fem. the mistress of one's life; a wife; a ladylove, a sweetheart. প্রাণোত্সর্গ n. sacrifice of one's life. প্রাণোত্সর্গ করা v. to sacrifice one's life. 30)

(p. 696) priẏa a beloved person; a lover; a darling; (chiefly in address) a husband; a friend. a. dear; beloved; favourite (প্রিয় বস্তু); pleasant. প্রিয়ংবদ a. fair-spoken, sweet-tongued. fem. প্রিয়ংবদা । ̃কারক, ̃কারী a. doing agreeable things, causing pleasure by one's actions. fem. ̃কারিণী । ̃চিকীর্ষা n. desire of doing things agreeable to another, desire to do a good turn (to), benevolence. ̃চিকীর্ষু a. desirous of doing things agreeable to another, desirous of doing a good turn (to), benevolent. ̃জন n. a beloved person; a favourite; a kinsman or relative; a friend. ̃তম a. super. of প্রিয় । n. a most beloved person; a lover; a darling; a husband. fem. ̃তমা । ̃তর a. compar. of িয় (a.). ̃দর্শন a. good-looking, handsome, comely. fem. ̃দর্শনা । ̃দর্শী a. treating everybody with love or affection. fem. ̃দর্শিনী । ̃পাত্র n. a favourite, a beloved person fem. ̃পাত্রী । ̃বচন, ̃বাক্য n. pleasant or sweet words; adulatory words. ̃বাদী same as িয়ংবদ fem. িয়বাদিনী । ̃বিয়োগ n. loss or death of a dear one, bereavement. ̃বিরহ n. separation from one's lover or dear one. ̃ভাষণ n. pleasant or sweet speech; adulatory speech. ̃ভাষী same as িয়ংবদ । fem. ̃ভাষিণী । ̃সখ (pop.) ̃সখা n. a dear or bosom friend; a boon companion. fem. ̃সখী । ̃সমাগম n. union or re-union with a dear one or dear ones; visit of dear ones. প্রিয়া a. fem. of িয় । n. fem. a lady-love, a sweetheart; a darling; (chiefly in address) a wife. 22)

(p. 696) prīti pleasure, satisfaction; delight, joy; love; affection; attachment; fondness; friendliness; amicability; amiability; favour (উপরওয়ালার প্রীতি). ীতি অর্জন করা v. to earn the favour of; to be pleased or satisfied or delighted. ̃উপহার n. a complimentary gift or present; a gift or token of love. ̃কর a. pleasing, pleasant; delightful; agreeable. ̃পূর্ণ a. loving; affectionate; friendly; amicable; amiable; cordial. ̃ভরে adv. lovingly; affectionately; in a friendly spirit; amiably; cordially; with delight. ̃ভাজন n. one deserving love or affection or friendship; a favourite. ̃ভোজ, ̃ভোজন n. a feast or feasting. ̃সম্ভাষণ n. a cordial or friendly greeting. ̃সম্মেলন n. a friendly or cordial meeting or assembly or gathering. ̃সূচক a. expressing pleasure or delight; cordial; friendly. 26)

(p. 721) bara a desire granted by a deity or a superior person, a boon; a benison, a benediction, a blessing; a bridegroom; a husband. a. desired; greatest, most distinguished (নৃপবর); excellent, splendid, fine (বরতনু). বর দেওয়া v. to grant a boon. বর পাওয়া v. to obtain a boon. বরের ঘরের মাসি কনের ঘরের পিসি (fig.) one who hunts with the hound and runs with the hare. ̃কনে n. pl. the bride and the groom. ̃কর্তা n. the head of the bridegroom's party. ̃দ a. granting a boon; benedictory. ̃দা a. fem. of বরদ । n. Goddess Durga (দুর্গা). ̃দাতা a. & n. one who grants a boon. fem. ˜দাত্রী । বরদান করা v. to grant a boon. ̃দান n. act of granting a boon or prayer. ̃পক্ষ n. the bridegroom's party. ̃পণ n. a dowry in cash paid by the bride's parents or party to the bridegroom. ̃পুত্র n. a minion (esp. of a deity), a darling, a favourite. ̃প্রদ same as বরদ । fem. ̃প্রদা । ̃বর্ণিনী n. an excellent woman; a woman of peerless beauty. ̃মাল্য n. a garland of flower which the bride puts ceremonially round the neck of the bridegroom whilst accepting him as her husband; a garland of highest honour. ̃যাত্রী, ̃যাত্র n. one who accompanies a bridegroom to a wedding. 45)

(p. 721) ballabha a husband; a lover, a sweet-heart; a favourite. fem. বল্লভা, (inc.) বল্লভী । 164)

(p. 831) mana2 mind; heart; mental state, mood; mentality; feeling; consideration; memory; inclination, desire; attraction, attachment, interest; attention; earnestness, devotion; sincerity; choice; resolve, decision. মন আসা same as মন লাগা । মন ওঠা v. to be satisfied or pleased. মন করা v. to resolve, to make up one's mind; to have a mind; to agree, to condescend (আপনি মন করলে চাকরিটা হবে). মন কাড়া v. to captivate the mind, to capture the fancy of; to win one's heart. মন কেমন করা v. to be uneasy in mind; to be worried. মন খারাপ করা see খারাপ । মন খারাপ হওয়া v. to be out of hearts; to be out of humour; to be saddened. মন খোলা, মন খুলে বলা v. to speak one's mind; to open one's heart; to break one's mind. মন গলা v. to soften (towards), to melt. মন গলানো v. to melt one's heart. মন চাওয়া v. to be inclined to; to agree to. মন ছোটো হওয়া v. to become small-minded; to feel small; to be stricken with a sense of inferiority; to become ungenerous or niggardly; to lose heart, to become dejected. মন ছোটা v. to be stricken with an impetuous inclination towards or desire for; to be greatly attracted. মন জানা v. to learn or know one's mind. মন জোগানো v. to comply with one's orders or desires; to act to please another; to humour; to flatter. মন টলা v. to become perturbed or worried; to be in two minds, to waver; to be of two minds; to soften emotionally, to melt. মন টানা v. to attract; to incline; to have a mind. মন থাকা v. to have a desire for; to be inclined towards; to have interest in; to be attentive to. মন থেকে adv. sincerely; from the bottom of one's heart; by or out of one's imagination; (rare) from memory. মন দমা v. to become disheartened or discouraged. মন দেওয়া v. to apply one's mind to, to mind; to be earnest (মন দিয়ে কাজ করা); to pay attention or heed to; to fall in love with. মন পাওয়া v. to be able to please another; to win one's favour or love; to win the heart of. মনপ্রাণ দিয়ে চেষ্টা করা v. to try heart and soul. মন বসা same as মন লাগা । মন বিষানো v. to embitter or poison one's mind. মন ভাঙা v. to be disheartened or discouraged; to be broken-hearted or heart-broken. মন ভাঙানো v. to dishearten or discourage; to break one's heart; to prejudice one's mind (against), to earwig. মন ভোলানো v. to charm or captivate one's mind; to attract or please greatly; to win one's heart; to infatuate; to melt one's heart; to cajole; to take one's mind off (something). মন মাতানো v. to make one beside oneself with delight; to delight or please greatly. মন মানা v. to be consoled; to agree to accept at heart; to agree or consent to. মন রাখা same as মন জোগানো । মন লাগা v. to have a liking or inclination for; to have interest in; to have earnestness in. মন লাগানো v. to apply one's mind to, to attend to earnestly. মন সরা v. to have a desire for, to be willing (to). মন হওয়া v. to be inclined; to have half a mind; to become consented. মন হারানো v. to lose oneself; to lose one's heart; to be infatuated, to be greatly enamoured (of). মনে ওঠা v. to rise in one's mind, to occur to or strike one (ফন্দি মনে ওঠা); to be recollected (স্মৃতি মনে ওঠা). মনে করা v. to call to mind, to recollect; to resolve, to decide; to have a mind; to have half a mind; to feel; to suppose; to count, to regard, to consider, to think. মনে জাগা same as মনে ওঠা । মনে জানা v. to know or feel at heart. মনে থাকা v. to be remembered, to be retained in one's memory. মনে দাগ কাটা v. to impress one's mind indelibly; to bring home to; to make an imprint on one's mind; to occupy one's memory permanently. মনে ধরা v. to be to one's liking or choice; to be after one's heart. মনে নেওয়া v. to feel; to supose; to consider or think seriously. মনে পড়া v. to remember; to be recollected. মনে পুষে রাখা v. to nourish or cherish secretly at heart. মনে রাখা v. to remember; to bear or to keep in mind. মনে লাগা v. to be to one's liking, to be up to one's choice; to impress one's mind favourably; to be shocked or pained at heart; to feel or suppose. মনে স্হান দেওয়া to cherish or keep alive in one's heart. মনে হওয়া v. to feel; to suppose; to consider, to think; to count, to regard; to come to recollect; to appear; to seem. মনের আগুন mental anguish, heart-grief. মনের কথা one's secret thoughts and feelings and intentions, one's mind. মনের কালি the gloom of one's mind; sorrow, grief; illfeeling; malice; concealed vice. মনের গোল doubt; hesitation. মনের জোর a strong will; moral courage; self-confidence; morale. মনের ঝাল a grudge. মনের ঝাল মেটানো v. to feed one's grudge. মনের বিষ concealed envy or malice; canker of the mind. মনের ব্যথা mental anguish, heart's pang. মনের মতো same as মনোমতো । মনের ময়লা same as মনের কালি । মনের মানুষ a person after one's own heart; a favourite; a minion; a lover. মনের মিল amicability; agreement, accord. 57)

(p. 921) lakṣī the Hindu goddess of wealth and prosperity; fortune; beauty; grace. a. fem. & masc. well-behaved and good-natured. লক্ষীর বরপুত্র Fortune's favourite. লক্ষীর ভান্ডার an inexhaustible store. ˜ছাড়া a. bereft of grace and prosperity; wretched; uncouth; scoundrelly, wicked. fem. ̃ছাড়ি । ̃ছাড়া, ̃ছাড়া লোক n. a scapegrace, a wretch, a scoundrel. ̃প্যাঁচা n. a kind of whitish owl on which Goddess Lakshmi rides. ̃বন্ত, ̃মন্ত a. prosperous, rich, wealthly; auspicious or graceful (লক্ষীবন্ত চেহারা). ̃বার n. the day of the week when the Goddess Lakshmi is worshipped, (usu.) Thursday. ̃শ্রী n. graceful signs or marks of prosperity or auspiciousness; grace or beauty resembling that of Goddess Lakshmi (লক্ষী). ̃স্বরূপিণী a. resembling Goddess Lakshmi (লক্ষী) in beauty and merits; appearing as Lakshmi incarnate. 16)

(p. 967) sakala all; entire, whole. pro. all, everybody. sfx. denoting: plurality (বন্ধুসকল). সকলেই pro. one and all. সকলের প্রিয় loved by all, favourite with everyone. 68)

(p. 999) sāta seven. সাত খুন মাফ (fig.) condonation of every failing or offence, act of keeping one's eyes closed to all failings or offences of a particular person. esp. a favourite. সাত চড়ে রা না বেরোনো (fig.) the practice of taking every insult or oppression lying down, extreme meekness or inertia. সাত নকলে আসল খাস্তা (fig.) repeated imitation makes the original lose its identity. সাত সমুদ্র তেরো নদীর পার (in folk tales) a place where a human being can hardly go, (cp.) a place at the end of the world or beyond the corners of the world. সাতেও নেই পাঁচেও নেই (fig.) having no concern with, perfectly disinterested or aloof. সাতই n. the seventh day of a month, the seventh. a. (of the days of a month) seventh. ̃কান্ড a. consisting of or divided into seven cantos; lengthy. adv. in detail, at great length (সাতকান্ড বলা বা শোনা). সাতকান্ড রামায়ণ (fig.) a lengthy or detailed narrative or account. ̃চল্লিশ n. & a. forty-seven. ˜জন্মে adv. (ever) in the long past or future. ̃তাড়াতাড়ি adv. with an excessive haste, much too hastily. ̃নরি a. having seven tiers or strings (সাতনরি হার). ̃নলা a. seven-barrelled (সাতনলা বন্দুক). ̃-পাঁচ a. many and diverse. adv. about this and that. (সাত-পাঁচ ভাবা). ̃পুরুষ n. seven generations upwards or downwards; the long past or future. ̃ষট্টি n. & a. sixty-seven. ˜সকাল n. very early morning. ̃সতেরো n. miscellany; a variety. 81)

(p. 1035) sbajana one's own man; a kinsman (fem. a kinswoman), a relative; a relation; a member of one's own family or party; a friend; kith and kin. স্বজনী fem. of স্বজন in all senses, and—a confidante. ̃ত্যাগ n. disownment or desertion of one's own people. n. & a. one who has disowned or deserted one's own people. ˜ত্যাগী n. & a. one who has deserted or disowned one's own people. ˜পোষণ n. unduly favouring one's own people, nepotism. 27)

(p. 1035) sbadēśa homeland, home, mother-country, motherland, native land. ̃ত্যাগ n. act of leaving one's native land, emigration; migration. ̃ত্যাগী a. one who has left one's native land; emigrating; migrating. n. such a person; an emigrant or a migrator. fem. ̃ত্যাগিনী । ̃দ্রোহ n. hostility to or revolt against one's native land. ̃দ্রোহী n. & a. hostile to or rebellious against one's native land. fem. ˜দ্রোহিণী । ̃প্রেম, ̃ভক্তি n. patriotism. ̃প্রেমিক, ̃প্রেমী, ̃ভক্ত n. a patriot. a. patriotic. ̃সেবক n. a servant or devotee of one's native land. ̃সেবা n. service of or devotion to one's native land. ̃হিতৈষণা n. desire of doing good to one's native land. ̃হিতৈষী a. desirous of doing good to one's native land. n. such a person. fem. ̃হিতৈষণী । স্বদেশানুরাগ n. attachment to one's native land; patriotism. ̃স্বদেশানুরাগী a. attached to one's native land; patriotic. fem. স্বদেশানুরাগিণী । স্বদেশী a. of or made in one's native land; home-made, indigenous. n. (hist.) an Indian national movement favouring home industries and boycott of foreign goods, Swadeshi (also স্বদেশী আন্দোলন). স্বদেশী করা v. to participate in Swadeshi, স্বদেশী শিল্প home industry. স্বদেশীয় a. of or born in or made in one's native land. 32)